Available Online: 03 Apr 2026
A Comparative Evaluation of Imputation Techniques for Missing Data: A Simulation-Based Analysis
Volume 3
Missing data frequently occur in research and if not properly addressed before analysis, can adversely affect the validity of findings. This article evaluates the efficiency of various imputation techniques as formal methods for replacing missing covariates’ data. Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) were calculated for each missing data under mechanisms of MCAR and MAR to ascertain the method of imputation that yield lower values of RMSE under various simulation conditions...